Executive Branch

The executive power is vested in the president, who is the chief of state, head of the government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. He or she is empowered to control all the executive departments, bureaus and offices, to ensure that laws are truly executed. Presidential nominations of the cabinet members and ambassadors are confirmed by the Commission on Appointments, consisting of twelve senators and twelve representatives. The president may also grant amnesty with the consensus of the majority of the Congress, and as a chief diplomat, negotiate treaties, which must be ratified by two-thirds of the Senate. The president is elected by the direct vote of the people for a six- year term and not eligible for reelection.

The constitution also provides for a vice president. The vice president is elected by popular vote for six-year term for no more than two successive terms. He or she can also serve as a member of the cabinet. In case of the president’s death, permanent disability, removal from office, or resignation, the vice president shall become the president and serve the remaining term.